At the individual level, to mazimize throughput, there are really a limited set of options. They include improving one's focus on a smaller set of tasks in the short term, chosing to work on something more important than what you are currently working on, organizing work so that it can be done more effectively, reducing the non-value-added time you are spending on things, and working longer hours. Unfortunately, most of these tactics are often invisible at the level that most plans are constructed. There needs to be well-defined criteria for estimating the effort required in advance of work being initiated. This criteria needs to define what done looks like.

Figure out: